How To Get a Child an IP PIN and Protect Their Identity

An IP PIN is a six-digit code that protects US residents from fraudulent tax submissions. Electronic tax filings require an IP PIN and Social Security Number, allowing the former to act as a form of two-factor authentication.

While IP PINs are primarily used by adults, they can also protect minors from having their identities used by fraudulent actors. A child without an IP PIN is at risk of having their identity used to file fake taxes.

This threat is even more dangerous because children do not tend to check their credit reports or tax information. Falsified tax returns could lead to future problems, such as tax-related debts, when the child grows up.

How To Apply for an IP PIN for Your Child

It is recommended that all parents set up an IP PIN for their children as early as possible. This process is most convenient through the IRS website, but it can also be done through the US mail.

Step 1: Ensure Eligibility

Dependents can only receive an IP PIN after an identity verification process. The IRS has a self-service online process. Applicants must have a Social Security number, a valid government ID, and a clear photo of their face.

Additionally, the child's legal guardian must perform this process, as the system does not permit minors to self-file. Those ineligible for the IRS' online platform will receive a message that "A condition has been identified that's preventing your access to this service."

Step 2: Create an Account Online Through the IRS Website

The IRS has an online service called ID.me. Parents can create an account or sign in for their child using this  ink. The account is only used for IRS purposes and does not share information with any other sources.

It is highly recommended that whatever login criteria you create be highly unique and randomized. It should not contain any personal information from you or your dependents.

You must provide an email address, a password, and a multi-factor authentication method. The IRS allows text messages, phone calls, push notifications, an authenticator app, biometrics, or a physical security key.

Step 3: Submit Required Information

You must have digital versions of the following things:

• Primary dependent ID (government-issued photo ID)
• Secondary dependent ID (SSN card, school ID)
• Dependent's selfie (clear photo of the child's face)

The ID.me portal will send a verification link to your smartphone so you can upload the previously listed documents. Unfortunately, you will have to verify your identity through a video call with an IRS agent if you do not have a smartphone.

Follow the instructions outlined in the IRS-provided links precisely. The documentation will be reviewed, and you will be prompted to complete a self-service application or schedule a video call at a later time.

Step 4: Receive and Safeguard the IP PIN

Once you have completed the required steps, the IRS will provide an IP PIN for the dependent. This code will be digitally available, or you can opt to have a copy mailed to the address you provided. For security reasons, IP PINs are automatically updated each year.

What to Do If You Can't Get an IP PIN for Your Child Online

You may be unable to obtain an IP PIN for your child online if they are not a US citizen or do not have enough identification. The latter can be resolved by contacting your local Vital Records office and making a public records request for the dependent's information.

Parents can mail IRS Form 15227 to request an IP PIN. You would fill this form out for your child, making sure to check "Yes" in Box C. If accepted, the child's IP PIN will be returned in a mailed CP01A Notice the following January.

For a more immediate IP PIN assignment, parents can visit their local Taxpayer Assistance Center. You can find your closest TAC office through this finder website or by calling 844-545-5640 to schedule an appointment.

Make sure to bring original versions of the following documents:

• Dependent's primary government ID (two versions)
• Dependent's secondary identification
• Parent's government ID
• Most recently filed tax information

Some issues might also be resolved by contacting the IRS Identity Protection Specialized Unit. Call 800-908-4490 at extension 245. This department is designed to handle fraudulent tax filings and may issue your child an IP PIN. If not, they can provide tips on how to protect their identity better.

Why Your Child Might Need an IP PIN

Many people believe that IP PINs are only relevant for adults because children do not file taxes. However, minors are not entirely safe from identity theft.

Protecting Your Child's Tax Identity

Fraudsters often utilize minors' Social Security numbers and information to open credit cards, apply for government benefits, and commit tax fraud. Children's identities are particularly useful because young persons' SSNs aren't typically used until they become adults.

Why Children Are at Risk

If someone has stolen your child's identity, they are likely using their Social Security number for various purposes. An SSN allows someone to apply for credit cards, medical services, and housing programs.

Almost every action someone takes with a stolen SSN reflects on your child's future credit score. This means that when your child grows up, their credit score might already be too damaged for common tasks like renting an apartment or buying a car. A low credit score can take decades to bring back up again.

How To Use the IP PIN to Protect Your Child's Identity

An IP PIN adds another layer of security that prevents tax fraud. This means that the identity thief must know the correct IP PIN to put on the falsified tax returns.

If the thief leaves the section blank, the IRS will contact the parents about the suspicious activity. This heads-up allows you to take the necessary steps to resecure your child's identity and protect their future.

Additionally, one-time victims of identity tax fraud cannot file in the future without entering an IP PIN. While this is an inconvenience, the measure ensures that a criminal can't wait a few years and reuse your child's SSN if they stop using their IP PIN.

Important Considerations

When applying for an IP PIN for your child, there are several factors to remember for the future.

The first is that security and confidentiality are key. The ID.me account you create for your child will contain their IP PIN for the tax season. This means that if you create predictable login criteria, it is possible that the fraudster accesses the account and continues using your child's identity without your knowledge.

IP PIN Expiration and Renewal

IP PINs are not permanently attached to each individual like an SSN. They are valid for one calendar year and must be renewed annually. This means that parents must also renew their child's IP PIN each year to prevent a fraudster from utilizing it.

Impact on Your Child's Credit

IP PIN applications do not affect your or the child's credit records. They do not log a negative event and only serve to protect it from potential misuse. ID.me has a disclaimer declaring that the account activity will not change credit standing.

However, if you suspect that someone is using the child's SSN, you must immediately request a copy of their credit report. Most children do not have a credit report because there is no history attached to them.

If the credit bureau can provide a report, then it is likely that someone has used their information for fraudulent activity and potentially damaged their score.